The farm-to-table Southeast Asian chefs on a mission to make dining more sustainable

Their vision is significant in Singapore, which imports more than 90 per cent of its food. The city state’s breakneck urbanisation, achieved in just one generation, makes it easy to forget that this was once an island dotted with kampongs (traditional villages), where agriculture was a way of life.
Air, the restaurant opened by Orlando and Goldfarb in Singapore’s Dempsey Hill. Photo: Air

Orlando and Goldfarb hope that, by attaching importance to the provenance of ingredients, they will encourage diners to reconsider their relationship with the land and the food it provides.

“I don’t think there’s any city in the world that has a more nuanced appreciation of how food is prepared than Singapore,” says Goldfarb. “Everyone you meet on the street has a person who makes their chicken, noodles or even pig intestine just the way they want.

“We see an opportunity to share the same appreciation for process with the people who make and grow food.”

The Whole Papaya, a dish at Air, uses every part of the fruit, including the skin and seeds. Photo: Air
It is often assumed that a chef’s work begins in the kitchen, but Orlando and Goldfarb are among a trailblazing group of chefs in Southeast Asia who are thinking deeply about the fundamentals of the food production process: the farm and the farmer.
Every ingredient served at Air has been sourced or grown in Singapore or Southeast Asia, whether that is morel mushrooms from Mushroom Buddies, a farm that recruits workers who are differently abled, or fruit from A Little Wild, a syntropic agroforestry farm in Johor. (Syntropic agroforestry mimics the structure and function of natural forests to create sustainable food systems, according to Australia-based Syntropia.)

Air’s own garden farm plays an important role; Goldfarb and Orlando work closely with City Sprouts, a community farming social enterprise, to cultivate local and aromatic plants for the restaurant.

Air’s glazed kampong chicken is inspired by Singaporeans’ deep appreciation for how to prepare ingredients, says Goldfarb. Photo: Air
Taking the food forest at Room 4 Dessert – Goldfarb’s game-changing restaurant in Bali, Indonesia – as a prototype, Air’s fledgling farm already grows almost 40 species, from star fruit and rambutan to turmeric and moringa.

While the intention is not self-sufficiency, growing fresh produce on site allows the team to immediately turn it into dishes or process raw materials for their “food library”.

“We use everything that we grow, and the way we cook at Air (like drying, fermenting and processing) means that the yield from one plant is so much more,” says Goldfarb.

A lobster tail satay takes on the familiar flavour profiles of a hawker classic at Air. Photo: Air

The menu at Air is not fixed. It is as if Orlando writes recipes from the very start every day, depending on what fresh produce is available.

“If you want to cook responsibly, you need to be flexible and adaptable, because nature doesn’t just give you anything you want,” he says. This is where Orlando’s wizardry begins – the dishes are never formulaic, yet he always finds a way to punch up the flavours.

A focus on local produce in Southeast Asia comes with its share of challenges. Diners around the world have an expectation that certain ingredients are essential to the fine- dining experience, such as caviar and truffles, particularly when they have paid top dollar for a seat.
Locavore NXT’s koji pudding is a celebration of the space surrounding the restaurant. Photo: Locavore NXT

Bali-based chefs Eelke Plasmeijer and Ray Adriansyah champion local ingredients in ways never seen before at Locavore NXT. Not only does the restaurant restrict itself to using ingredients produced in the country, its menus are gluten-free and involve no dairy produce.

“All the ingredients we use share a heritage to Indonesia – they are either native or have been around for centuries,” says Plasmeijer.

In the early days of Locavore, a fixture on the annual Asia’s 50 Best Restaurants list, their team would be surprised to learn that ferns and roots found in their own villages had made it onto the menu.

A sunset view from the bar at Locavore NXT in Bali. Photo: Locavore NXT

Plasmeijer has not wavered in his belief that “Indonesian ingredients are worth putting into the spotlight, even though many of them need lots of care and technique to let them shine”. Kluwak (a fruit also known as Pangium edule), for example, needs to be boiled, soaked and then buried in ash to remove its toxins.

At the heart of Locavore NXT is its rooftop food forest. A space of more than 7,000 square metres (75,000 sq ft) it has a mushroom fruiting chamber, fermentation lab, beehives and worm farm for composting.

Where we grow, they will grow. This is the best way I can support our community

Jimmy Ophorst, chef at Pru

Diners at Locavore NXT make their way through a warren of rooms – entering a dim basement for a snack in front of the sprouting fungi, for example – and perch at a counter with the chefs in action behind it.

For a fuller experience, guests can choose to stay the night in a cabin at NXT; included is a behind-the-scenes tour of its compound and an off-the-menu breakfast in the staff canteen.

It would be easy to think that Plasmeijer and his team are chasing awards, but he says they are driven by a purpose: “We want to be the best restaurant that we can be – for our community, Bali and ultimately, the earth.”

Chef Jimmy Ophorst runs Pru, the first Michelin-star restaurant in Phuket, Thailand. Photo: Pru
Jimmy Ophorst of Pru, the first Michelin-star restaurant in Phuket, Thailand, also feels rooted to the land. He is in the vanguard of the country’s farm-to-table movement, which has seen a wave of hyperlocal restaurants open in the past few years, such as Haoma, Thailand’s first urban-farming fine-dining restaurant, and Aulis Phuket, Simon Rogan’s first foray into Southeast Asia.

“I feel a responsibility to Phuket because it is my home and has given me the opportunity to be where I am today,” says Ophorst, who has lived on the island for nearly 12 years. “It has always given me the possibility to shine, so I’ve got to give back with every chance I get.”

His commitment to Phuket is encapsulated by Pru’s “community-to-fork” philosophy, which does not stop at working with local farmers and producers; everything at the restaurant is an expression of Thailand’s best, from working with a Thai blacksmith to forge steak knives to serving food on ceramics custom-made by Chiang Mai’s InClay Studio.

“Where we grow, they will grow. This is the best way I can support our community,” says Ophorst.

A pink guava dessert inspired by chef Jimmy’s favourite fruit at Pru. Photo: Pru

Pru brings the community closer to its guests with a kitchen that is an extension of the dining floor, inspired by the kappo experience in Japan where a chef’s-choice meal is prepared in front of the customer. This allows guests to see the ingredients that go into each dish, such as aromatic peppercorns from Trang.

Some of these ingredients are harvested 20 minutes away at the restaurant’s 16,000-square-metre Pru Jampa farm. Now more than a decade old, the site spans a fruit orchard, poultry coop, and an experimental plot where Ophorst tinkers with new produce, such as Peruvian corn.

Many ingredients served at Pru are harvested from its own farm. Photo: Pru

Chefs such as Ophorst, Plasmeijer, Orlando and Goldfarb are showing that “slow food” is viable. They have helped Southeast Asia’s micro farmers by using their produce, and shown that practising sustainability can become second nature.

At the heart of what they do is a shared belief in the restorative power of restaurants. In the short time I spend time with Orlando he says several times that “hospitality is about relationships” – that everything is connected, from the farmer to the guest.

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